What type of joint is typically used in the rear axle of four-wheel-drive vehicles?

The double cardan joint is specifically designed to address the angular misalignment that can occur in the drive shaft systems of four-wheel-drive vehicles. It comprises two u-joints connected by an intermediate shaft, which allows for smoother operation and reduces vibrations, especially when the vehicle is articulating over uneven terrain. This unique design grants it the capability to accommodate greater angles compared to a single universal joint, making it ideal for four-wheel-drive setups that require robust performance over challenging surfaces.

While Rzeppa joints and universal joints are also common in various automotive applications, they do not provide the same level of angular flexibility and smooth rotation under extreme conditions that a double cardan joint offers. Rzeppa joints are often found in front-wheel-drive applications due to their ability to facilitate constant velocity with minimal angular change, while universal joints are generally used in simpler applications but may not handle varying angles as effectively as a double cardan joint. Therefore, for the rear axle of four-wheel-drive vehicles, the double cardan joint is the best choice to ensure optimal functionality.